Anatomy Landmarks. Major branches of the aorta include the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery. Coronary arterial dominance is defined by the vessel which gives rise to the posterior descending artery (PDA), which supplies the myocardium of the inferior third of the interventricular septum.. The renal pelvis is triangular in shape, lies posteriorly in the renal hilum surrounded by fat and vessels and is formed by either the union of two-to-three major calyces or of seven-to-eleven minor calyces. Password requirements: 6 to 30 characters long; ASCII characters only (characters found on a standard US keyboard); must contain at least 4 different symbols; arterial supply: from branches of the renal artery, abdominal aorta, superior and inferior vesical arteries. The inguinal canal is an oblique intramuscular slit that may range from 3 5 cm long in an adult. Anatomical Course. pampiniform plexus drains into the ovarian veins. The lungs are the functional units of respiration and are key to survival.They contain 1500 miles of airways, 300-500 million alveoli and have a combined surface area of 70 square meters (half a tennis court). They are affected by a wide range of pathology that results in a diverse range of illnesses. It forms part of the normal cardiomediastinal contour on chest x-rays and normally measures <7 mm (erect projection). ovarian branches from the uterine artery. It lies in the midline of the chest between the pleura of each lung and extends from the sternum to the vertebral column.. It originates superolaterally at the deep inguinal ring.This opening occurs along the inguinal ligament (of Poupart) at the midpoint between the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the pubic tubercle; also known as the midpoint of the inguinal Lymphatic drainage. The vertebral column (spine or backbone) is a curved structure composed of bony vertebrae that are interconnected by cartilaginous intervertebral discs.It is part of the axial skeleton and extends from the base of the skull to the tip of the coccyx.The spinal cord runs through its center. Epidemiology. left: thoracic duct, aorta, esophagus, trachea, right vagus nerve. The portal vein ramifies further, forming smaller venous branches and ultimately portal venules. The Z line in the esophagus is the term for a faint zig-zag impression at the gastro-esophageal junction that demarcates the transition between the stratified squamous epithelium in the esophagus and the intestinal epithelium of the gastric cardia (the squamocolumnar junction).. It is usually seen at the anteromedial aspect of the aorta at site of the aortic isthmus, where the ligamentum arteriosum attaches. This is very common code used with Catheterization of Aorta. An irregular or elevated Z line Several main and terminal branches of the internal carotid artery start developing from the 4th gestational week onwards when it bifurcates into anterior and posterior components. Sensory innervation (pain and proprioception) at the central tendinous part is innervated by the phrenic nerves, while the peripheral muscular portions are innervated by 6th to 11th intercostal nerves. middle third: azygos vein to SVC. A ureterocele occurs in about 1 in 5000 to 1 in 12000 children and most commonly seen in the Caucasian population 9,2.Females are 4-7 times more commonly affected than males. middle third: esophageal branches of the thoracic aorta. Gross anatomy. Each lung weighs approximately 1.1 kg. The mediastinum is a space in the thorax that contains a group of organs, vessels, nerves, lymphatics and their surrounding connective tissue. The mediastinum contains all the thoracic viscera except the lungs: heart and great The main branches of the left portal vein originate from the umbilical portion, and supply liver segments 2, 3 and 4 5. In general, any of the three celiac branches may arise independently from the aorta or SMA, or the celiac artery may give rise to other branches. Venous drainage. Remember always there are two CPT codes used for Abdominal Aortogram, Pelvic arteries include the branches of internal iliac artery (mnemonic). It gives a branch to this muscle. Aortic ductus diverticulum is a developmental outpouching of the thoracic aorta which may be mistaken for an acute aortic injury.. The embryological dorsal aortae (left and right) ultimately form the descending aorta. abdominal ureter: aorto-caval and common iliac nodes The pericardial recesses are small spaces in the pericardial cavity formed by reflections of the pericardium.. Extra-celiac origin of its three branches From aorta. The intercostal arteries are a group of arteries that supply the area between the ribs ("costae"), called the intercostal space.The highest intercostal artery (supreme intercostal artery or superior intercostal artery) is an artery in the human body that usually gives rise to the first and second posterior intercostal arteries, which supply blood to their corresponding intercostal space. superior border: lower margin of the cricoid cartilage; inferior border: strictly the IASLC defines this as the clavicles, which leads to ambiguity, particularly as the clavicle is mobile - a more definitive anatomical boundary is the thoracic inlet, i.e. Gross anatomy. Motor innervation of the diaphragm comes from the phrenic nerves (C3-C5).These nerves innervate the diaphragm from its abdominal surface after they penetrate it. The Z line is a normal finding but is not seen in every study. The vertebral column is divided into five regions and consists of 33 vertebrae interlaced A celiacomesenteric trunk occurs when both the SMA and the celiac trunk originate as a single trunk from the aorta. left gastric artery: 2-3% It leaves the axilla and pierces the coracobrachialis muscle near its point of insertion on the humerus.. Gross anatomy. right ovarian vein drains into the inferior vena cava Thus, the renal pelvis can have numerous shapes, ranging between an ampulla-like single renal pelvis to one made of numerous funnel-shapes, 1 st rib 2 The musculocutaneous nerve then passes lower third: left gastric vein to portal vein (site of portal-systemic collateral pathway) Lymphatic drainage some texts also include supply from the gonadal, middle rectal and uterine arteries 1,2. venous drainage: via similarly named veins but is highly variable 1,2. azygos fissure and azygos lobe 3. absence of the azygos vein (rare) 3. azygos continuation of the IVC 3 aortic recesses: arise from the transverse sinus Variant anatomy. Radiographic features Plain radiograph. Gross anatomy. Supraclavicular zone Station 1 (left/right): low cervical, supraclavicular, and sternal notch nodes. It typically has a retrosternal location and hence may mimic retrosternal pathology. Most hearts (80-85%) are right dominant where the PDA is supplied by the right coronary artery (RCA).The remaining 15-20% of hearts are roughly equally divided between It is also the site of the majority (~90%) of post-traumatic aortic injuries as the The superior vena cava receives blood from the upper half of the body via the left and right brachiocephalic veins , and the inferior vena cava from the lower half, through the common iliac veins. Venous drainage. Pericardial fluid can pool in these recesses and can be categorized by whether they arise from the transverse sinus, the oblique sinus, or the pericardial cavity proper 3:. Its primary contents are the thymus, and the left brachiocephalic vein. Mnemonic: on the DATE Vivian Slapped Larry: Clinical relations Mediastinitis (inflammation of the structures within the mediastinum) Contents Thoracic cavity Mediastinum Superior mediastinum (ascending aorta and its branches, superior vena cava and pulmonary vessels). upper third: inferior thyroid veins to brachiocephalic veins. lower third: esophageal branches of the left gastric artery. Each portal venule courses alongside a hepatic arteriole and the two vessels form the vascular components of the portal triad. The musculocutaneous nerve is the terminal branch of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus (C5, C6 and C7) and emerges at the inferior border of pectoralis minor muscle.. The thymus (plural: thymi) is a T-cell producing lymphoid organ in the anterior mediastinum that plays a role in the development of the immune system particularly, maturation of T-cells. The primary blood supply to the ovary is the ovarian artery, although there is some anastomosis with branches of the uterine artery 7. ovarian artery.
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